Most studies on induced abortion have been conducted based on period data; an analysis from a life course perspective is needed. Based on the life course survey data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2014, this paper analyzes the lifetime pregnancy information of women born in the 1930-1969 cohort. The hierarchical APC model is used to estimate the period, cohort, and age effects affecting the level of lifetime induced abortion among women. The results showed that the period effects reflected the adjustment of family planning policies and the development of reproductive health services. Regarding cohort effects, the quantity and the sex selection mechanism for induced abortion differed among women from different cohorts. The age patterns of induced abortion showed heterogeneity and regularity across women in different periods and cohorts. Future policies should improve reproductive health services, reduce unwanted pregnancies, promote gender equality, and focus on the health status of middleaged and older women who have experienced induced abortion.

Treating the elderly migrants as a homogeneous group would weaken individual subjective initiative.Therefore, the latent class analysis method is used based on the perspective of social integration to classify the research objects into active integration and passive integration. There is heterogeneity in the preferences of residing willingness. Older people in the category of active integration prefer to choose longterm residence. It is found that the factors affecting the residing willingness of older people who belong to passive integration have increased significantly. Compared with the whole sample, the classified willingness to stay is significantly affected by personal characteristics. To accouont for the higher social integration demand and different residence intention, the government should coordinate the household registration demand and housing security of elderly migrants, actively promote the capacity construction of endowment service, constantly improve the medical security level of elderly migrants, and carry out the demonstration district construction to promote the social integration of elderly migrants.

Separation and integration of rural migrants with urban citizens in China is determined not only by the household registration system, but also by the development stage of non-agricultural industry and the conditions of rural people when they achieved the citizenship status. Having exceeded 50 percent urban in China, urban and rural populations could either keep separation, falling into the Latin America Trap, or turn to integration, leading to unified and balanced urban and rural development. In achieving integrated development between rural and urban populations, in addition to demolishing dual segmentation resulting from the household registration system, it is necessary to break off the stagnation in social class mobility due to rural and city separation, and to promote urbanization driven by non-agriculturalization, providing more development opportunity with capacity building for rural mobile population.

In meeting the ageing challenge, elderly service is becoming a major project related to people's well-being that concerns the Chinese government and the whole society. Institutionalization of basic elderly services becomes a key issue. Combing the enacted elderly service policies, this paper provides a theoretical perspective of social policy to the institutionalization basic elderly service; analyzes the ideology of elderly service policy, the selection of elderly service model, and the necessity of constructing basic elderly services based on these perspectives; and finally, presents a policy framework of institutionalization of basic elderly services.

This paper examines technology spillover effect of overseas returnees according to a threshold panel model of overseas returnees． By using China＇s 1995 － 2011 provincial panel data，the paper explores empirically the relationship between the number of returnees and knowledge spillovers． The results show that returnees as new channels of international knowledge transfer have a significant effect on knowledge spillovers which can promote technological progress; once the number of returnees reached above a certain threshold value，its knowledge spillover effects get jumped and accelerated． The stronger the absorptive capacity of local human capital，the better the acception of the returnees knowledge spillovers． At the same time，the absorptive capacity of local human capital has single threshold effect to returnees knowledge spillovers． The provincial returnees knowledge spillovers present a " non － equilibrium" pattern． Because of geographical locations and other factors in China s regions，the technology spillover effect of returnees present a decreasing trend from the eastern，central and western regions．